Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans

Awal; Mohd Abdul

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18

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Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans

Awal, Mohd Abdul

Published in American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 3, Issue 3)

Received: 16 June 2014 Accepted: 30 June 2014 Published: 10 July 2014

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Abstract

A Sundarbans mangrove in Bangladesh is facing tremendous problems of heavy metal contaminations in soil (Awal, 20014). The present work has explored some of the possible parameters involved, focussing particularly on the relationship between the amount of top-dying in different places and the concentrations of a number of chemical parameters present in the soil, in order to test the hypothesis that chemical pollution might be responsible (Awal, 2014). Other factors such as the pH, salinity and nutrient status were also assessed (Awal 2014). Nine plots were selected for sampling of soil in order to categorise different areas in terms of their intensity of top-dying (Awal 2007). 63 soil samples were tested, mainly by ICPMS, to investigate certain parameters of the soil such as Sn, Exchangeable K, Soil pH, Pb, Zn, Ni, EC, soil nutrients, soil moisture content, and elemental concentrations of 32 other elements (Awal 2009). The vegetation structure was assessed in terms of tree height, bole diameter, species present, and regeneration status; and the intensity of top-dying within the plots was recorded on a rank scale. Most of the elements studied had no significant correlation with the top dying of Heritiera fomes. However, Sn, Exchangeable K, and soil pH were significantly related, and three elements, namely Pb, Zn, Ni, were also close to significance (Awal, 2007). Sn concentration is negatively associated with top dying. Soil pH varied significantly in the different plots (Awal 2007). Exchangeable K was positively associated with the tree diameter whether the top dying was severe or mild (Awal 2007). However, the present results have showed that Sn, Exchangeable K, soil pH, Pb , Zn and Ni could be directly linked with top-dying of Heritiera fomes (Sundri) in Sundarbans, probably particularly by weakening the vigour of the trees and allowing other parameters such as pathological agents to attack the plants (Awal, 2007).

Published in	American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18
Page(s)	162-171
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Environmental Parameters, Environmental Factors, Causal Parameters, Soil Parameters, Heritiera fomes, Heavy Metal Concentrations in Soil of Sundarbans, Dieback of Sundarbans, Sundarbans, Top-dying

References

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APA Style

Awal, Mohd Abdul. (2014). Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 3(3), 162-171. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18

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Awal; Mohd Abdul. Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2014, 3(3), 162-171. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18

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Awal, Mohd Abdul. Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans. Am J Environ Prot. 2014;3(3):162-171. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18,
  author = {Awal and Mohd Abdul},
  title = {Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {162-171},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20140303.18},
  abstract = {A Sundarbans mangrove in Bangladesh is facing tremendous problems of heavy metal contaminations in soil (Awal, 20014). The present work has explored some of the possible parameters involved, focussing particularly on the relationship between the amount of top-dying in different places and the concentrations of a number of chemical parameters present in the soil, in order to test the hypothesis that chemical pollution might be responsible (Awal, 2014). Other factors such as the pH, salinity and nutrient status were also assessed (Awal 2014). Nine plots were selected for sampling of soil in order to categorise different areas in terms of their intensity of top-dying (Awal 2007).  63 soil samples were tested, mainly by ICPMS, to investigate certain parameters of the soil such as Sn, Exchangeable K, Soil pH, Pb, Zn, Ni, EC, soil nutrients, soil moisture content, and elemental concentrations of 32 other elements (Awal 2009). The vegetation structure was assessed in terms of tree height, bole diameter, species present, and regeneration status; and the intensity of top-dying within the plots was recorded on a rank scale. Most of the elements studied had no significant correlation with the top dying of Heritiera fomes. However, Sn, Exchangeable K, and soil pH were significantly related, and three elements, namely Pb, Zn, Ni, were also close to significance (Awal, 2007). Sn concentration is negatively associated with top dying. Soil pH varied significantly in the different plots (Awal 2007). Exchangeable K was positively associated with the tree diameter whether the top dying was severe or mild (Awal 2007).   However, the present results have showed that  Sn, Exchangeable K, soil pH, Pb , Zn and Ni  could be directly  linked with top-dying of Heritiera fomes (Sundri) in Sundarbans, probably particularly by weakening the vigour of the trees and allowing other parameters such as pathological agents to attack the plants (Awal, 2007).},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans
AU  - Awal
AU  - Mohd Abdul
Y1  - 2014/07/10
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
SP  - 162
EP  - 171
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5699
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18
AB  - A Sundarbans mangrove in Bangladesh is facing tremendous problems of heavy metal contaminations in soil (Awal, 20014). The present work has explored some of the possible parameters involved, focussing particularly on the relationship between the amount of top-dying in different places and the concentrations of a number of chemical parameters present in the soil, in order to test the hypothesis that chemical pollution might be responsible (Awal, 2014). Other factors such as the pH, salinity and nutrient status were also assessed (Awal 2014). Nine plots were selected for sampling of soil in order to categorise different areas in terms of their intensity of top-dying (Awal 2007).  63 soil samples were tested, mainly by ICPMS, to investigate certain parameters of the soil such as Sn, Exchangeable K, Soil pH, Pb, Zn, Ni, EC, soil nutrients, soil moisture content, and elemental concentrations of 32 other elements (Awal 2009). The vegetation structure was assessed in terms of tree height, bole diameter, species present, and regeneration status; and the intensity of top-dying within the plots was recorded on a rank scale. Most of the elements studied had no significant correlation with the top dying of Heritiera fomes. However, Sn, Exchangeable K, and soil pH were significantly related, and three elements, namely Pb, Zn, Ni, were also close to significance (Awal, 2007). Sn concentration is negatively associated with top dying. Soil pH varied significantly in the different plots (Awal 2007). Exchangeable K was positively associated with the tree diameter whether the top dying was severe or mild (Awal 2007).   However, the present results have showed that  Sn, Exchangeable K, soil pH, Pb , Zn and Ni  could be directly  linked with top-dying of Heritiera fomes (Sundri) in Sundarbans, probably particularly by weakening the vigour of the trees and allowing other parameters such as pathological agents to attack the plants (Awal, 2007).
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Awal
Mohd Abdul

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APA Style

Awal, Mohd Abdul. (2014). Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 3(3), 162-171. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18

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Awal; Mohd Abdul. Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2014, 3(3), 162-171. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18

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AMA Style

Awal, Mohd Abdul. Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans. Am J Environ Prot. 2014;3(3):162-171. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18,
  author = {Awal and Mohd Abdul},
  title = {Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {162-171},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20140303.18},
  abstract = {A Sundarbans mangrove in Bangladesh is facing tremendous problems of heavy metal contaminations in soil (Awal, 20014). The present work has explored some of the possible parameters involved, focussing particularly on the relationship between the amount of top-dying in different places and the concentrations of a number of chemical parameters present in the soil, in order to test the hypothesis that chemical pollution might be responsible (Awal, 2014). Other factors such as the pH, salinity and nutrient status were also assessed (Awal 2014). Nine plots were selected for sampling of soil in order to categorise different areas in terms of their intensity of top-dying (Awal 2007).  63 soil samples were tested, mainly by ICPMS, to investigate certain parameters of the soil such as Sn, Exchangeable K, Soil pH, Pb, Zn, Ni, EC, soil nutrients, soil moisture content, and elemental concentrations of 32 other elements (Awal 2009). The vegetation structure was assessed in terms of tree height, bole diameter, species present, and regeneration status; and the intensity of top-dying within the plots was recorded on a rank scale. Most of the elements studied had no significant correlation with the top dying of Heritiera fomes. However, Sn, Exchangeable K, and soil pH were significantly related, and three elements, namely Pb, Zn, Ni, were also close to significance (Awal, 2007). Sn concentration is negatively associated with top dying. Soil pH varied significantly in the different plots (Awal 2007). Exchangeable K was positively associated with the tree diameter whether the top dying was severe or mild (Awal 2007).   However, the present results have showed that  Sn, Exchangeable K, soil pH, Pb , Zn and Ni  could be directly  linked with top-dying of Heritiera fomes (Sundri) in Sundarbans, probably particularly by weakening the vigour of the trees and allowing other parameters such as pathological agents to attack the plants (Awal, 2007).},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Soil Parameters Causing Dieback in Sundarbans
AU  - Awal
AU  - Mohd Abdul
Y1  - 2014/07/10
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
SP  - 162
EP  - 171
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5699
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20140303.18
AB  - A Sundarbans mangrove in Bangladesh is facing tremendous problems of heavy metal contaminations in soil (Awal, 20014). The present work has explored some of the possible parameters involved, focussing particularly on the relationship between the amount of top-dying in different places and the concentrations of a number of chemical parameters present in the soil, in order to test the hypothesis that chemical pollution might be responsible (Awal, 2014). Other factors such as the pH, salinity and nutrient status were also assessed (Awal 2014). Nine plots were selected for sampling of soil in order to categorise different areas in terms of their intensity of top-dying (Awal 2007).  63 soil samples were tested, mainly by ICPMS, to investigate certain parameters of the soil such as Sn, Exchangeable K, Soil pH, Pb, Zn, Ni, EC, soil nutrients, soil moisture content, and elemental concentrations of 32 other elements (Awal 2009). The vegetation structure was assessed in terms of tree height, bole diameter, species present, and regeneration status; and the intensity of top-dying within the plots was recorded on a rank scale. Most of the elements studied had no significant correlation with the top dying of Heritiera fomes. However, Sn, Exchangeable K, and soil pH were significantly related, and three elements, namely Pb, Zn, Ni, were also close to significance (Awal, 2007). Sn concentration is negatively associated with top dying. Soil pH varied significantly in the different plots (Awal 2007). Exchangeable K was positively associated with the tree diameter whether the top dying was severe or mild (Awal 2007).   However, the present results have showed that  Sn, Exchangeable K, soil pH, Pb , Zn and Ni  could be directly  linked with top-dying of Heritiera fomes (Sundri) in Sundarbans, probably particularly by weakening the vigour of the trees and allowing other parameters such as pathological agents to attack the plants (Awal, 2007).
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

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