| Peer-Reviewed

Re-Negotiating Employee Contracts: Issues of Content, Context and Process

Received: 27 April 2020     Accepted: 1 June 2020     Published: 17 June 2020
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

This paper is approached from a practical perspective with references given in relevant parts. The objective of this paper is to examine how unfavourable employee contracts in particular and other business contracts in general are renegotiated. The approach adopted here in the paper is both theoretical and practical because of the nature of the topic which is based on a short case study that requires a practical and common sense approach as well as providing an opportunity for probing and plumbing the depths of its theoretical underpinnings. The authors reflected on the theories linked to the topic of negotiation in order to provide deeper insights. Therefore this paper is a review paper that did not require the methodology of collecting primary data from field research. The methodology adopted was part narrative, and part analytical reflection of both praxis and theory pertaining to human resource practices. Therefore the Literature Review part was extended to cover wider field. The paper shares knowledge on re-negotiating employee contracts from the management rather than the legal point of view. The second objective of this paper is to share knowledge and excite readers for them to react by reflecting on their own experiences. The findings of this paper are to be gleaned from the numerous discussions, reviews, examples, and analysis provided from a multidisciplinary point of departure. The paper findings revealed that despite legal contracts being signed as non-negotiable legal instruments, practical imperatives of changing business fortunes and circumstances call for revisiting contracts in order to address any extenuating circumstances. The paper concluded that contracts are not cast in iron or stone and those employees and their representatives can go back to the negotiating table with their employers to re-engage over conditions of service to their mutual benefit in a win-win situation.

Published in Journal of Human Resource Management (Volume 8, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.jhrm.201200803.13
Page(s) 125-138
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bargaining, Contract of Employment, Insider Trading, Labor Laws, Performance-Related Pay, Performance Appraisal, Re-Negotiated Pay, Psychological Contract, Renegotiation, Negotiation

References
[1] Argenti, P. A., Howell, R. & Beck, K. A. (2005) The Strategic Communication Imperative [Online] Retrieved from sloanreview.mit.edu/article/the-strategic-communication-imperative.
[2] Anderton, A. (2000) Economics (3rd ed.) Lancashire, U.K.: Causeway Press.
[3] Armstrong, M. (2014) Armstrong’s Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice (13th ed.) London: Kogan Page.
[4] Armstrong, M. (1993) A Handbook of Personnel Management Practice London: Kogan Page pp. 712-722, pp. 785-789.
[5] Beardwell, J. & Thompson, A. (2017) A Human Resource Management- A Contemporary Approach London: Pearson Learning.
[6] Baron, J. N. & Kreps, D. M. (1999) Strategic Human Resource New York, N. Y.: Wiley.
[7] Bamber, G., Lansbury, R. & Wailes, N. (2004) International and Comparative Employment Relations: Globalization and the Developed Market Economy (4th ed.) London: SAGE.
[8] Bedard, G. (n. d.) Welcome to Negotiation and Contract Management-NVIT [Online].
[9] Blyton, P. & Turab, Q. P. (2004) The Dynamics of Employee Relations (3rd. ed.) Basingstoke: Palgrave- Macmillan.
[10] Bovee, C. L. & Thill, J. V. (2014) Business Communication Today (12th ed.) London: Prentice Hall.
[11] Bratton, J. & Gould, J. (2007) Human Resource Management- Theory and Practice London: Palgrave Macmillan.
[12] Brewster, C., Sparrow, P., Vernon, G. & Houldsworth, E. (2011) International Human Resource Management (3rd ed.) London: CIPD.
[13] Brooks, A. W. (2015) Emotion and the art of negotiation Harvard Business Review HBR December 2015 Issue pp. 56-64.
[14] Byars, L. L. & Rue, L. W. (1997) Human Resource Management (5th ed.) Boston: Irwin.
[15] Capelli, P. & Keller, J. (2014) Talent Management: Conceptual Approaches and Practical Challenges Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior 1 Vol. 1 pp. 308-331.
[16] CEO World. biz (2018) How to renegotiate your employment contract when you have achieved success [Online] https://ceoworld.biz/2018/02/01/how-to-renegotiate-your-ceo-employment-contract-when-you-have-achieved-success/.
[17] Cole, G. A. (2015) Theory and Practice of Management London: Cengage Learning.
[18] Dahlback, O. (2003) Analyzing Rational Crime Models and Methods Kluwer Academic Publishing.
[19] Dawson, R. (2000) Secrets of Power Negotiating.
[20] Dessler, G., Rekar, M. C. & Cole, N. D. (2011) Human Resource Ontario: Pearson Education.
[21] Edwards, D., Toohey, J. & Usselmuiden, C. (2014) Negotiating Research Contracts-Creating opportunities for stronger research and innovation systems [Online] COHRED-negotiationbooklets-web.pdf Retrieved from www.cohred.org/.
[22] Ehtamo, H., Hamalainen, R. P., & Koskinen, V. (2004) E-Learning for Mathematical Models of Negotiation [Online] Helsinki University of Technology, Systems Analysis Laboratories, Manuscript 15.6.2004 Retrieved from citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi.+10.1.1.73.9542 & rep=rep1 & type=pdf
[23] Encyclopedia Britannica Chicago, Illinois: University of Illinois
[24] Ferner, A. & Hyman, R. (2000) Changing Industrial Relations in Europe (2nd.ed.) Oxford: Blackwell.
[25] Fisher, R., & W. Ury with B. Patton (1991) Getting to Yes (2nd ed.) New York: Penguin Books.
[26] Flippo, E. B. (1980) Personnel Management New York, N. Y.: McGraw Hill.
[27] Foot, M. & Hook, C. (2011) Introducing Human Resource Management (4th ed.) London: Prentice Hall- Financial Times.
[28] Fortgang, R. S., Lax, D. A. & Sibenius, J. K. (2003) Negotiating the Spirit of the Deal Harvard Business Review Vol. 81, pp. 66-75.
[29] Francis, H., Holbeche, L. & Roddington, M. (2012) People and Organizational Development A New Agenda for Organizational Effectiveness London: CIPD.
[30] French, R. (2010) Cross-Cultural Management in Work Organizations (2nd ed.) London: CIPD.
[31] Gennard, J. & Judge, G. (2005) Employee Relations (4th ed.) London: CIPD.
[32] Gerdes, S. (2003) Navigating the Partnership Maze: Creating Alliances that Work New York: McGraw-Hill.
[33] Gerhart, B., Rynes, S. & Fulmer, I. (2009) Pay and Performance: Individuals, Groups, and Executives The Academy of Management Annals Vol. 3 No. 1 pp. 251-315.
[34] Gilbert, D., Stoner, J A. F. & Freeman, R. E. (1995) Management (6th ed.) London: Pearson Education.
[35] Gomez-Mejia, L. Balkin, D. & Cardy, R. (2012) Managing Human Resource London: Pearson Education.
[36] Greve, H. R. & Agote, L. (2015) Behavioral Theories of Organization- Transactions Cost Theory International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.)
[37] Gunningle, P. Heraty, N. & Morley, J. (2011) Human Resource Management in Ireland (4th ed.) Dublin: Gill & Macmillan.
[38] Harvard Business Review (HBR) (2016) How to Renegotiate a Bad Deal Program on Negotiation (PON) at Harvard Law School Retrieved from https://www.pon.harvard.edu.
[39] Hayes, N. (2005 eds.) Principles of Social Psychology London: Routledge.
[40] Heleema, P. K. & Iyengar, N. Ch. S. N. (2018) A Mathematical Model with Flexible Negotiations in Strategies for Agent-based Negotiations in Dynamic e-Commerce Environments Journal of King Saud University Computer and Informational Sciences Vol. 30 No. 4, October 2018 pp. 547-560 Retrieved from sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319157816301124 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2016.11.004
[41] Hendon, D. W., Hendon, R. A. & Herbig, P. A. (1999) Cross-Cultural Business Negotiations Westport, CT: Praeger.
[42] Heneman III, H. G., Schwab, D. P., Fossum, J. A. & Dyer, L. D. (1986) Personnel/Human Resource Management (3rd.ed.) Homewood, Illinois: Irwin.
[43] Hollingshead, G. & Leat, M. (1995) Human Resource Management: An International and Comparative Perspective on the Employment Relationship London: Pitman.
[44] House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W. & Gupta, V. (2004) Culture, Leadership and Organization, The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies, Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage.
[45] House, R. J., Javidan, M., Hanges, P. & Dorfman, P. (2002) Understanding cultures and implicit leadership theories across the globe: An introduction to project GLOBE, Journal of World Business Vol. 37, pp. 3-10.
[46] Huczynski, A. & Buchanan, D. (2010) Organizational Behavior- An Introductory Text (7th ed.) Harlow: Pearson Education.
[47] Hurn, B. J. (2012) Management of Change in Multinationals: Industrial and Communication Training Vol. 44 No. 1 DOI: 10.1108/00197851211193417.
[48] Hutchinson, S. (2013) Performance Management: Theory and Practice London: CIPD.
[49] Hyman, R. (2001) Trade Union Research and Cross National Comparisons European Journal of Industrial Relations Vol. 7 p. 203.
[50] Innes, E. & Morris, J. (1995) Multinationals and Employee Relations- Continuity and Change in a Mature Industrial Region Employee Relations Vol. 17 No. 6.
[51] Jenks, C. W., & Schregle, J. (n. d.) Labor Laws [Online] Encyclopedia Britannica.
[52] Judge, T. A. & Coulter (2014) Organizational Behavior.
[53] Kamoche, K. N. (2001) Understanding Human Resource Management Buckingham: Open University Press pp. 92-110 (IHRM).
[54] Kaul, A. (2014) Effective Business Communication (2nd ed.) New Delhi: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
[55] Key, S. (2015) 9 Ways to negotiate a contract like a boss [Online] Entrepreneur Franchise 500.
[56] Kreitner, R. & Kinicki, A. (2010). 9th (edition) Organizational Behavior New York: McGraw Hill/Irwin.
[57] Kremers, S. H. G. (2014) Modeling Real World Contract Negotiations [Online] Master’s Thesis for Applied Mathematics at University of Twente, Netherlands, October 2014 Retrieved from essay.utwente.nl/66069/1/Kremers_MA-FW1.pdf
[58] Lawyers Weekly.com (n. d.) Five things to think about when signing or re-negotiating your employment contract [Online] https://www.lawyersweekly.com.au/opinion/23569-five-things-to-think-about-when-signing-or-re-negotiating-your-employment-contract.
[59] Lazear, E. P. & Gibbs, M. (2015) Personnel Economics in Practice New York, N. Y.: Wiley.
[60] Liker, J. K. (2004) The Toyota Way: 14 Management Principles from the World’s Greatest Manufacturer New York, N. Y.: McGraw Hill.
[61] Luthans, F. (2011) Organizational Behavior: A n Evidence-Based Approach (12th ed.) New York, N. Y.: McGraw Hill-Irwin.
[62] Mansfield, G., Banerjee, L. & Brown, D. (2017) Blackstone’s Employment Practice (9th ed.) Oxford: OUP.
[63] Marchington, M. & Wilkinson, A. (2012) Human Resource Management at Work (5th ed.) London: CIPD.
[64] Mathieu, P. (2002) A generic model for contract negotiation [Online] University of Lille Retrieved from researchgate.net/profile/Philippe_Mathieu.
[65] Mathis, R. L. (2013) Human Resource Management (14th ed.) New York, N. Y.: South Western College.
[66] Maunder, P., Myers, D., Wall, N. & Miller, R. L. (2000) Economics Explained (3rd ed.) Hammersmith, London: HarperCollins Publishing Company Ltd.
[67] Mclalley, J., Zhang, Z., Vishwanathan, V. & Honavar, V. (2004) Multi-Agent Negotiation Model for Power Systems Applications [Online] Retrieved from home.eng.iastate.edu/-jdm/WebOther/MASbookchap4.pdf
[68] Mondy, R. W., Noe, R. M. and Premeaux, S. R. (2002) Human Resource Management, (8th ed.) New Jersey: Pearson Education.
[69] Morgenstern, O. & Neumann. J. V. (1944) Maximization of Expected Utility Theory based on Rationality and Logical Rules.
[70] Morgenstern, O. & Neumann, J. V. (1947) Theories of Games and Economic Behavior.
[71] Morrison, E. (2014) Employee Voice and Silence Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior.
[72] Mullins, L. J. and Coulter, M. K. (2010). Management and Organizational Behavior (9th ed.) London: Prentice Hall-Pearson Education.
[73] Mylona, E. (n. d.) Negotiation [Online] Retrieved from www.negotiationskills.pdf.
[74] Noe, R. Clark, A. & Klein, H. (2014) Learning in the 21st Century Workplace Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior.
[75] Perkins, S & White, G. (2011) Reward Management: Alternate Consequences and Contexts (2nd ed.) London: CIPD.
[76] Pfeffer, J. (1998) The Human Equation: Building Profits by putting people first Cambridge, Boston: Harvard Business Review Press.
[77] PON-HARVARD. EDU (2016) Program on Negotiation at Harvard Law School Retrieved from http://www.pon.harvard.blog.
[78] Rees, C. & Edwards, T. (2010) International Human Resource Management: Globalization, National Systems and Multinationals London: Prentice Hall-Financial Times.
[79] Robbins, S. P. (2012) Management (11th ed.) Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
[80] Robbins, S. P. & Judge, T. A. (2013) Organizational Behavior (15ed.) Harlow, Essex: Pearson Publishing.
[81] Rose, E. (2008) Employment Relations (3rd ed.) Harlow, Essex: FT-Prentice Hall.
[82] Saunders, N. K. M, Thornhill, A. and Lewis, P. (2009) Research Methods for Business Students, 5th Edition, London: Prentice Hall.
[83] Schneider, S. C., Barsoux, J-L., & Stahl, G. K. (2003) Managing Across Borders (3rd ed.) Harlow, Essex: Pearson Publishing.
[84] Shell, G. R. (2004) Bargaining for Advantage (2nd ed.).
[85] SSON (n. d.) Top 10 tips for a smooth contract renegotiation [Online] Retrieved from ssonetwork.com/business-process-outsourcing/articles/top-ten-tips-for-a-smooth-contract- renegotiation.
[86] Stahl, G. K., Borkman, I, & Morris, S. (2012) Handbook of Research of International Human Resource Management Gloucester: Edward Elgar.
[87] Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (n.d.) History of Utilitarianism [Online] Retrieved from plato.stanford.edu/entries/utilitarianism-history/
[88] Starling, G. (2008). Managing the Public Sector (8th ed.) New York: Thompson Wadsworth.
[89] Stewart, J. & Rigg, C. (2011) Learning and Talent Development London: CIPD.
[90] Stolz, L. (n. d.) Negotiation Strategies [Online] Retrieved from www.lesleystolz.pdf.
[91] Taylor, S. (2014) Research and Talent Management (6th ed.) London: CIPD.
[92] Thomas, D. C. and Peterson, M. F. (2015) Cross-Cultural Management-Essential Concepts (3rd ed.) London: Sage Publications.
[93] Torrington, D., Hall, L., Taylor, S. and Atkinson, C. (2011) Human Resource Management (8th ed.). London: Pearson Education.
[94] Truss, K., Alfes, K., Delbridge, R., Shantz, A. & Soame, E. (2014) Employee Engagement in Theory and Practice London: Routledge.
[95] Ury, W. (1993) Getting Past No: Negotiating your way from Confrontation to Cooperation (Revised Edition) New York: Bantam Books.
[96] Vernon, G. (2016) Does Density Matter? The Significance of Comparative Historical Variation in Unionization European Journal of Industrial Relations Vol. 12 No. 2 pp. 189-209.
[97] Weightman, J. (2004) Managing People (2nd ed.) London: CIPD chp. 13 and 14.
[98] Wilton, N. (2001) An Introduction to Human Resource Management London: SAGE Publications.
[99] Wikipedia (n.d.) Trolley Problem [Online].
[100] Wikipedia (n.d.) Pareto Optimality [Online].
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Kwesi Atta Sakyi, Esnart Mwaba Tayali. (2020). Re-Negotiating Employee Contracts: Issues of Content, Context and Process. Journal of Human Resource Management, 8(3), 125-138. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jhrm.201200803.13

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Kwesi Atta Sakyi; Esnart Mwaba Tayali. Re-Negotiating Employee Contracts: Issues of Content, Context and Process. J. Hum. Resour. Manag. 2020, 8(3), 125-138. doi: 10.11648/j.jhrm.201200803.13

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Kwesi Atta Sakyi, Esnart Mwaba Tayali. Re-Negotiating Employee Contracts: Issues of Content, Context and Process. J Hum Resour Manag. 2020;8(3):125-138. doi: 10.11648/j.jhrm.201200803.13

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.jhrm.201200803.13,
      author = {Kwesi Atta Sakyi and Esnart Mwaba Tayali},
      title = {Re-Negotiating Employee Contracts: Issues of Content, Context and Process},
      journal = {Journal of Human Resource Management},
      volume = {8},
      number = {3},
      pages = {125-138},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jhrm.201200803.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jhrm.201200803.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jhrm.201200803.13},
      abstract = {This paper is approached from a practical perspective with references given in relevant parts. The objective of this paper is to examine how unfavourable employee contracts in particular and other business contracts in general are renegotiated. The approach adopted here in the paper is both theoretical and practical because of the nature of the topic which is based on a short case study that requires a practical and common sense approach as well as providing an opportunity for probing and plumbing the depths of its theoretical underpinnings. The authors reflected on the theories linked to the topic of negotiation in order to provide deeper insights. Therefore this paper is a review paper that did not require the methodology of collecting primary data from field research. The methodology adopted was part narrative, and part analytical reflection of both praxis and theory pertaining to human resource practices. Therefore the Literature Review part was extended to cover wider field. The paper shares knowledge on re-negotiating employee contracts from the management rather than the legal point of view. The second objective of this paper is to share knowledge and excite readers for them to react by reflecting on their own experiences. The findings of this paper are to be gleaned from the numerous discussions, reviews, examples, and analysis provided from a multidisciplinary point of departure. The paper findings revealed that despite legal contracts being signed as non-negotiable legal instruments, practical imperatives of changing business fortunes and circumstances call for revisiting contracts in order to address any extenuating circumstances. The paper concluded that contracts are not cast in iron or stone and those employees and their representatives can go back to the negotiating table with their employers to re-engage over conditions of service to their mutual benefit in a win-win situation.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Re-Negotiating Employee Contracts: Issues of Content, Context and Process
    AU  - Kwesi Atta Sakyi
    AU  - Esnart Mwaba Tayali
    Y1  - 2020/06/17
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jhrm.201200803.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jhrm.201200803.13
    T2  - Journal of Human Resource Management
    JF  - Journal of Human Resource Management
    JO  - Journal of Human Resource Management
    SP  - 125
    EP  - 138
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2331-0715
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jhrm.201200803.13
    AB  - This paper is approached from a practical perspective with references given in relevant parts. The objective of this paper is to examine how unfavourable employee contracts in particular and other business contracts in general are renegotiated. The approach adopted here in the paper is both theoretical and practical because of the nature of the topic which is based on a short case study that requires a practical and common sense approach as well as providing an opportunity for probing and plumbing the depths of its theoretical underpinnings. The authors reflected on the theories linked to the topic of negotiation in order to provide deeper insights. Therefore this paper is a review paper that did not require the methodology of collecting primary data from field research. The methodology adopted was part narrative, and part analytical reflection of both praxis and theory pertaining to human resource practices. Therefore the Literature Review part was extended to cover wider field. The paper shares knowledge on re-negotiating employee contracts from the management rather than the legal point of view. The second objective of this paper is to share knowledge and excite readers for them to react by reflecting on their own experiences. The findings of this paper are to be gleaned from the numerous discussions, reviews, examples, and analysis provided from a multidisciplinary point of departure. The paper findings revealed that despite legal contracts being signed as non-negotiable legal instruments, practical imperatives of changing business fortunes and circumstances call for revisiting contracts in order to address any extenuating circumstances. The paper concluded that contracts are not cast in iron or stone and those employees and their representatives can go back to the negotiating table with their employers to re-engage over conditions of service to their mutual benefit in a win-win situation.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Directorate of Research Consultancy and Innovation, ZCAS University, Lusaka, Zambia

  • Department of Work Employment and Organization, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland

  • Sections