Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population

Eric Walter Pefura-Yone; Olen Jean Pierre Kamga; Adamou Dodo Balkissou; Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack; Amadou Djenabou; Virginie Poka-Mayap; Alain Kuaban; Haman Djabbo Abdoul Whahab; Sounou Asmaou; Corine Kenne-Kenyo; Christopher Kuaban

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population

Eric Walter Pefura-Yone, Olen Jean Pierre Kamga, Adamou Dodo Balkissou, Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack, Amadou Djenabou, Virginie Poka-Mayap, Alain Kuaban, Haman Djabbo Abdoul Whahab, Sounou Asmaou, Corine Kenne-Kenyo, Christopher Kuaban

Published in American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 8, Issue 1)

Received: 18 December 2019 Accepted: 30 December 2019 Published: 8 January 2020

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Abstract

Data on association between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and hypertension are very limited in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to look for an independent association between EDS and hypertension and identify the factors associated to EDS in adult subjects with hypertension in Cameroon. Data from cross-sectional community surveys conducted from 2015 to 2018 in three regions of Cameroon (West, Littoral, and North) were analyzed. The participants aged ≥ 19 years were included using multilevel stratified random sampling method. EDS was defined as an Epworth score ≥ 10. Subjects were considered to have hypertension if they were on treatment for hypertension or had a blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg measured by standard protocols. Logistic regression was used to investigate the factors associated to EDS. The p-value < 0.05 was set as significant statistical threshold. A total of 8288 subjects (55.2% females) of median age (25^th -75^th percentiles) of 39 (27-54) years were included. The prevalence of EDS was higher in subjects who had hypertension as than in those without hypertension (13.4% vs 11.5%, p = 0.015), with an unadjusted odds ratio (IC 95%) of 1.19 (1.04-1.38). After multivariate analysis including place of residence, age, sex, education level and body mass index (BMI), we did not find an independent association between EDS and hypertension [odds ratio 95% CI): 1.01 (0.8-1.18), p = 0.937]. The determinants of EDS in subjects with hypertension were residence in Bandjoun [2.23 (1.12-4.11), p = 0.10], Douala [2.78 (1.48-5.25), p = 0.002] and Garoua [1.95 (1.01-3.74), p = 0.045] compared to Figuil; and BMI [1.04 (1.02-1.06) per 1kg/m2 increase, p = 0.001]. In conclusion, we did not find an independent association between EDS and hypertension in Cameroon. Obesity is associated with EDS in subjects with hypertension.

Published in	American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12
Page(s)	8-13
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sleep Disorders, Daytime Sleepiness, Sleep Apnea Syndrome, High Blood Pressure, Hypertension

References

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Eric Walter Pefura-Yone, Olen Jean Pierre Kamga, Adamou Dodo Balkissou, Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack, Amadou Djenabou, et al. (2020). Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 8(1), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12

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ACS Style

Eric Walter Pefura-Yone; Olen Jean Pierre Kamga; Adamou Dodo Balkissou; Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack; Amadou Djenabou, et al. Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2020, 8(1), 8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12

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AMA Style

Eric Walter Pefura-Yone, Olen Jean Pierre Kamga, Adamou Dodo Balkissou, Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack, Amadou Djenabou, et al. Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population. Am J Intern Med. 2020;8(1):8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12,
  author = {Eric Walter Pefura-Yone and Olen Jean Pierre Kamga and Adamou Dodo Balkissou and Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack and Amadou Djenabou and Virginie Poka-Mayap and Alain Kuaban and Haman Djabbo Abdoul Whahab and Sounou Asmaou and Corine Kenne-Kenyo and Christopher Kuaban},
  title = {Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population},
  journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20200801.12},
  abstract = {Data on association between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and hypertension are very limited in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to look for an independent association between EDS and hypertension and identify the factors associated to EDS in adult subjects with hypertension in Cameroon. Data from cross-sectional community surveys conducted from 2015 to 2018 in three regions of Cameroon (West, Littoral, and North) were analyzed. The participants aged ≥ 19 years were included using multilevel stratified random sampling method. EDS was defined as an Epworth score ≥ 10. Subjects were considered to have hypertension if they were on treatment for hypertension or had a blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg measured by standard protocols. Logistic regression was used to investigate the factors associated to EDS. The p-value th -75th percentiles) of 39 (27-54) years were included. The prevalence of EDS was higher in subjects who had hypertension as than in those without hypertension (13.4% vs 11.5%, p = 0.015), with an unadjusted odds ratio (IC 95%) of 1.19 (1.04-1.38). After multivariate analysis including place of residence, age, sex, education level and body mass index (BMI), we did not find an independent association between EDS and hypertension [odds ratio 95% CI): 1.01 (0.8-1.18), p = 0.937]. The determinants of EDS in subjects with hypertension were residence in Bandjoun [2.23 (1.12-4.11), p = 0.10], Douala [2.78 (1.48-5.25), p = 0.002] and Garoua [1.95 (1.01-3.74), p = 0.045] compared to Figuil; and BMI [1.04 (1.02-1.06) per 1kg/m2 increase, p = 0.001]. In conclusion, we did not find an independent association between EDS and hypertension in Cameroon. Obesity is associated with EDS in subjects with hypertension.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population
AU  - Eric Walter Pefura-Yone
AU  - Olen Jean Pierre Kamga
AU  - Adamou Dodo Balkissou
AU  - Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack
AU  - Amadou Djenabou
AU  - Virginie Poka-Mayap
AU  - Alain Kuaban
AU  - Haman Djabbo Abdoul Whahab
AU  - Sounou Asmaou
AU  - Corine Kenne-Kenyo
AU  - Christopher Kuaban
Y1  - 2020/01/08
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12
T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
SP  - 8
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12
AB  - Data on association between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and hypertension are very limited in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to look for an independent association between EDS and hypertension and identify the factors associated to EDS in adult subjects with hypertension in Cameroon. Data from cross-sectional community surveys conducted from 2015 to 2018 in three regions of Cameroon (West, Littoral, and North) were analyzed. The participants aged ≥ 19 years were included using multilevel stratified random sampling method. EDS was defined as an Epworth score ≥ 10. Subjects were considered to have hypertension if they were on treatment for hypertension or had a blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg measured by standard protocols. Logistic regression was used to investigate the factors associated to EDS. The p-value th -75th percentiles) of 39 (27-54) years were included. The prevalence of EDS was higher in subjects who had hypertension as than in those without hypertension (13.4% vs 11.5%, p = 0.015), with an unadjusted odds ratio (IC 95%) of 1.19 (1.04-1.38). After multivariate analysis including place of residence, age, sex, education level and body mass index (BMI), we did not find an independent association between EDS and hypertension [odds ratio 95% CI): 1.01 (0.8-1.18), p = 0.937]. The determinants of EDS in subjects with hypertension were residence in Bandjoun [2.23 (1.12-4.11), p = 0.10], Douala [2.78 (1.48-5.25), p = 0.002] and Garoua [1.95 (1.01-3.74), p = 0.045] compared to Figuil; and BMI [1.04 (1.02-1.06) per 1kg/m2 increase, p = 0.001]. In conclusion, we did not find an independent association between EDS and hypertension in Cameroon. Obesity is associated with EDS in subjects with hypertension.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Eric Walter Pefura-Yone

Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Olen Jean Pierre Kamga

Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Adamou Dodo Balkissou

Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of Garoua, University of Ngaoundéré, Garoua, Cameroon
Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack
Amadou Djenabou

HIV Approved Treatment Center, Yaoundé Jamot Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Virginie Poka-Mayap

Pneumology A Service, Yaoundé Jamot Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Alain Kuaban

Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Haman Djabbo Abdoul Whahab

Sub-division Health Medical Center of Koza, Koza, Cameroon
Sounou Asmaou

Meiganga District Hospital, Meignaga, Cameroon
Corine Kenne-Kenyo

Institut Supérieur de Technologie Médicale, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Christopher Kuaban

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon

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Eric Walter Pefura-Yone, Olen Jean Pierre Kamga, Adamou Dodo Balkissou, Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack, Amadou Djenabou, et al. (2020). Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 8(1), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12

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ACS Style

Eric Walter Pefura-Yone; Olen Jean Pierre Kamga; Adamou Dodo Balkissou; Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack; Amadou Djenabou, et al. Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2020, 8(1), 8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12

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AMA Style

Eric Walter Pefura-Yone, Olen Jean Pierre Kamga, Adamou Dodo Balkissou, Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack, Amadou Djenabou, et al. Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population. Am J Intern Med. 2020;8(1):8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12,
  author = {Eric Walter Pefura-Yone and Olen Jean Pierre Kamga and Adamou Dodo Balkissou and Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack and Amadou Djenabou and Virginie Poka-Mayap and Alain Kuaban and Haman Djabbo Abdoul Whahab and Sounou Asmaou and Corine Kenne-Kenyo and Christopher Kuaban},
  title = {Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population},
  journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20200801.12},
  abstract = {Data on association between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and hypertension are very limited in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to look for an independent association between EDS and hypertension and identify the factors associated to EDS in adult subjects with hypertension in Cameroon. Data from cross-sectional community surveys conducted from 2015 to 2018 in three regions of Cameroon (West, Littoral, and North) were analyzed. The participants aged ≥ 19 years were included using multilevel stratified random sampling method. EDS was defined as an Epworth score ≥ 10. Subjects were considered to have hypertension if they were on treatment for hypertension or had a blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg measured by standard protocols. Logistic regression was used to investigate the factors associated to EDS. The p-value th -75th percentiles) of 39 (27-54) years were included. The prevalence of EDS was higher in subjects who had hypertension as than in those without hypertension (13.4% vs 11.5%, p = 0.015), with an unadjusted odds ratio (IC 95%) of 1.19 (1.04-1.38). After multivariate analysis including place of residence, age, sex, education level and body mass index (BMI), we did not find an independent association between EDS and hypertension [odds ratio 95% CI): 1.01 (0.8-1.18), p = 0.937]. The determinants of EDS in subjects with hypertension were residence in Bandjoun [2.23 (1.12-4.11), p = 0.10], Douala [2.78 (1.48-5.25), p = 0.002] and Garoua [1.95 (1.01-3.74), p = 0.045] compared to Figuil; and BMI [1.04 (1.02-1.06) per 1kg/m2 increase, p = 0.001]. In conclusion, we did not find an independent association between EDS and hypertension in Cameroon. Obesity is associated with EDS in subjects with hypertension.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Hypertension in Cameroonian Adult Population
AU  - Eric Walter Pefura-Yone
AU  - Olen Jean Pierre Kamga
AU  - Adamou Dodo Balkissou
AU  - Jérôme François Kaze-Folefack
AU  - Amadou Djenabou
AU  - Virginie Poka-Mayap
AU  - Alain Kuaban
AU  - Haman Djabbo Abdoul Whahab
AU  - Sounou Asmaou
AU  - Corine Kenne-Kenyo
AU  - Christopher Kuaban
Y1  - 2020/01/08
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12
T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
SP  - 8
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20200801.12
AB  - Data on association between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and hypertension are very limited in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to look for an independent association between EDS and hypertension and identify the factors associated to EDS in adult subjects with hypertension in Cameroon. Data from cross-sectional community surveys conducted from 2015 to 2018 in three regions of Cameroon (West, Littoral, and North) were analyzed. The participants aged ≥ 19 years were included using multilevel stratified random sampling method. EDS was defined as an Epworth score ≥ 10. Subjects were considered to have hypertension if they were on treatment for hypertension or had a blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg measured by standard protocols. Logistic regression was used to investigate the factors associated to EDS. The p-value th -75th percentiles) of 39 (27-54) years were included. The prevalence of EDS was higher in subjects who had hypertension as than in those without hypertension (13.4% vs 11.5%, p = 0.015), with an unadjusted odds ratio (IC 95%) of 1.19 (1.04-1.38). After multivariate analysis including place of residence, age, sex, education level and body mass index (BMI), we did not find an independent association between EDS and hypertension [odds ratio 95% CI): 1.01 (0.8-1.18), p = 0.937]. The determinants of EDS in subjects with hypertension were residence in Bandjoun [2.23 (1.12-4.11), p = 0.10], Douala [2.78 (1.48-5.25), p = 0.002] and Garoua [1.95 (1.01-3.74), p = 0.045] compared to Figuil; and BMI [1.04 (1.02-1.06) per 1kg/m2 increase, p = 0.001]. In conclusion, we did not find an independent association between EDS and hypertension in Cameroon. Obesity is associated with EDS in subjects with hypertension.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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